1. What is the HOMA Index?

The HOMA (Homeostatic Model Assessment) Index is a method used to quantify insulin resistance and beta-cell function. The HOMA-IR (Insulin Resistance) score is calculated from fasting insulin and glucose levels, providing an estimate of insulin sensitivity.

2. How Does the Calculator Work?

The calculator uses the HOMA-IR equation:

Where:

• Fasting Insulin — Measured in micro units per milliliter (μU/mL)
• Fasting Glucose — Measured in milligrams per deciliter (mg/dL)

Explanation: The equation estimates insulin resistance by assessing the relationship between fasting insulin and glucose levels, with higher values indicating greater insulin resistance.

3. Importance of HOMA-IR Calculation

Details: HOMA-IR is a valuable tool for assessing insulin resistance, which is associated with metabolic syndrome, type 2 diabetes, cardiovascular disease, and other health conditions. It helps in early detection and monitoring of insulin resistance.

4. Using the Calculator

Tips: Enter fasting insulin in μU/mL and fasting glucose in mg/dL. Both values must be valid (greater than 0). For accurate results, measurements should be taken after an overnight fast.

5. Frequently Asked Questions (FAQ)

Q1: What is a normal HOMA-IR value?
A: Normal HOMA-IR values typically range from 1.0 to 1.5. Values above 2.0 indicate significant insulin resistance, though reference ranges may vary between laboratories.

Q2: When should HOMA-IR be measured?
A: HOMA-IR should be calculated from blood samples taken after an 8-12 hour overnight fast for accurate results.

Q3: Are there limitations to the HOMA-IR calculation?
A: Yes, HOMA-IR provides an estimate rather than a direct measurement of insulin resistance. It may be less accurate in certain populations, such as those with type 1 diabetes or extreme insulin resistance.

Q4: Can HOMA-IR be used to diagnose diabetes?
A: While HOMA-IR assesses insulin resistance, it is not a diagnostic tool for diabetes. Diagnosis should be based on established criteria including fasting glucose, HbA1c, or oral glucose tolerance tests.

Q5: How often should HOMA-IR be monitored?
A: Monitoring frequency depends on individual risk factors and clinical context. It may be assessed periodically in individuals with metabolic risk factors or during treatment for insulin resistance.