How to Calculate HOMA Index

HOMA-IR Equation:

\[ HOMA-IR = \frac{\text{Fasting Insulin} \times \text{Fasting Glucose}}{405} \]

HOMA-IR Score:

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1. What is the HOMA-IR Index?

The HOMA-IR (Homeostatic Model Assessment for Insulin Resistance) index is a method used to quantify insulin resistance and beta-cell function. It provides a simple way to assess insulin sensitivity from fasting glucose and insulin measurements.

2. How Does the Calculator Work?

The calculator uses the HOMA-IR equation:

\[ HOMA-IR = \frac{\text{Fasting Insulin} \times \text{Fasting Glucose}}{405} \]

Where:

Fasting Insulin — Measured in micro international units per milliliter (μU/mL)
Fasting Glucose — Measured in milligrams per deciliter (mg/dL)

Explanation: The equation calculates insulin resistance by multiplying fasting insulin and glucose levels, then dividing by the constant 405 to normalize the result.

3. Importance of HOMA-IR Calculation

Details: HOMA-IR is crucial for identifying insulin resistance, which is associated with metabolic syndrome, type 2 diabetes, cardiovascular disease, and other health conditions. Early detection allows for timely intervention and management.

4. Using the Calculator

Tips: Enter fasting insulin in μU/mL and fasting glucose in mg/dL. Both values must be greater than zero. For accurate results, measurements should be taken after an overnight fast of 8-12 hours.

5. Frequently Asked Questions (FAQ)

Q1: What is a normal HOMA-IR value?
A: Typically, values below 2.0 are considered normal, though this may vary by population and laboratory standards.

Q2: How does HOMA-IR relate to diabetes risk?
A: Higher HOMA-IR values indicate greater insulin resistance, which is a major risk factor for developing type 2 diabetes.

Q3: When should HOMA-IR testing be done?
A: Testing should be performed after an overnight fast, and samples should be collected in the morning for most accurate results.

Q4: Are there limitations to the HOMA-IR calculation?
A: While useful for population studies, HOMA-IR may be less accurate in individuals with extreme insulin levels or those with liver disease.

Q5: Can HOMA-IR be used for diagnosis?
A: HOMA-IR is a screening tool and should be used alongside other clinical assessments rather than as a standalone diagnostic test.