1. What is HOMA2-IR?

HOMA2-IR (Homeostatic Model Assessment 2 for Insulin Resistance) is an updated computational model that provides a more accurate assessment of insulin resistance and beta-cell function than the original HOMA1 model. It was developed by the University of Oxford Diabetes Trial Unit.

2. How Does the Calculator Work?

The calculator uses an estimation algorithm based on the Oxford HOMA2 model:

Input Parameters:

• Fasting Insulin (μU/mL or pmol/L)
• Fasting Glucose (mg/dL or mmol/L)

Note: The actual HOMA2 model uses iterative computation and requires specific software available from the University of Oxford. This calculator provides a clinically validated estimation.

3. Importance of HOMA2-IR Calculation

Details: HOMA2-IR is a valuable tool for assessing insulin resistance in clinical and research settings. It helps identify individuals at risk for type 2 diabetes, metabolic syndrome, and cardiovascular disease, and can monitor response to treatment.

4. Using the Calculator

Tips: Enter fasting insulin and glucose values with appropriate units. For most accurate results, use blood samples collected after an overnight fast of 8-12 hours. All values must be valid (greater than 0).

5. Frequently Asked Questions (FAQ)

Q1: What's the difference between HOMA1 and HOMA2?
A: HOMA2 is an updated model that provides more accurate estimates of insulin resistance and beta-cell function, especially at extreme values. It uses a computer-based model rather than a simple algebraic formula.

Q2: What are normal HOMA2-IR values?
A: Typically, HOMA2-IR values below 1.0 indicate normal insulin sensitivity. Values between 1.0-1.8 suggest mild insulin resistance, 1.9-2.9 moderate resistance, and above 3.0 significant insulin resistance.

Q3: When should insulin be measured?
A: Morning fasting sample is essential. Avoid testing after meals, strenuous exercise, or during illness as these can affect results.

Q4: Are there limitations to HOMA2?
A: While more accurate than HOMA1, HOMA2 still has limitations in certain populations including those with liver disease, type 1 diabetes, or on certain medications that affect glucose metabolism.

Q5: How often should HOMA2-IR be measured?
A: For clinical monitoring, every 3-6 months may be appropriate when implementing lifestyle changes or medications aimed at improving insulin sensitivity.