1. What is the HOMA-IR Calculation?

The HOMA-IR (Homeostatic Model Assessment for Insulin Resistance) is a method used to quantify insulin resistance and beta-cell function. It provides an estimate of insulin sensitivity based on fasting insulin and glucose levels.

2. How Does the Calculator Work?

The calculator uses the HOMA-IR equation:

Where:

• Fasting Insulin — Measured in micro international units per liter (μU/L)
• Fasting Glucose — Measured in millimoles per liter (mmol/L)
• 22.5 — Normalization constant derived from healthy population data

Explanation: The equation estimates insulin resistance by calculating the product of fasting insulin and glucose levels, normalized by the constant 22.5.

3. Importance of HOMA-IR Assessment

Details: HOMA-IR is valuable for identifying insulin resistance, which is associated with metabolic syndrome, type 2 diabetes, and cardiovascular disease risk. It helps in early detection and monitoring of insulin sensitivity.

4. Using the Calculator

Tips: Enter fasting insulin in μU/L and fasting glucose in mmol/L. Both values must be greater than zero for accurate calculation.

5. Frequently Asked Questions (FAQ)

Q1: What is a normal HOMA-IR value?
A: Typically, values below 1.0 indicate normal insulin sensitivity, while values above 2.0 suggest significant insulin resistance.

Q2: When should HOMA-IR testing be performed?
A: Testing should be done after an overnight fast (8-12 hours) for accurate results.

Q3: Are there limitations to HOMA-IR?
A: Yes, it may not be as accurate in certain populations such as those with type 1 diabetes or extreme insulin resistance.

Q4: Can HOMA-IR be used for diagnosis?
A: It's primarily used as a screening tool and research measure rather than a definitive diagnostic test.

Q5: How often should HOMA-IR be measured?
A: Frequency depends on individual risk factors and clinical context, typically annually for at-risk individuals.