1. What is the HOMA-IR Calculation?

The HOMA-IR (Homeostatic Model Assessment for Insulin Resistance) is a method used to quantify insulin resistance and beta-cell function. It's calculated from fasting insulin and glucose levels, providing an indicator of insulin sensitivity.

2. How Does the Calculator Work?

The calculator uses the HOMA-IR equation:

Where:

• Fasting Insulin — Measured in μU/L (microinternational units per liter)
• Fasting Glucose — Measured in mmol/L (millimoles per liter)
• 22.5 — Constant normalization factor

Explanation: The equation estimates insulin resistance by assessing the relationship between fasting insulin and glucose levels, with higher values indicating greater insulin resistance.

3. Importance of HOMA-IR Assessment

Details: HOMA-IR is valuable for identifying insulin resistance, which is associated with type 2 diabetes, metabolic syndrome, and cardiovascular disease risk. It helps in early detection and monitoring of metabolic health.

4. Using the Calculator

Tips: Enter fasting insulin in μU/L and fasting glucose in mmol/L. Both values must be positive numbers obtained from reliable laboratory measurements after an overnight fast.

5. Frequently Asked Questions (FAQ)

Q1: What are normal HOMA-IR values?
A: Typically, values below 1.0 indicate normal insulin sensitivity, 1.0-1.9 suggest early insulin resistance, and values above 2.0 indicate significant insulin resistance.

Q2: Why use mmol/L units for glucose?
A: This calculator uses mmol/L units as they are the standard measurement unit in the UK and many other countries outside the United States.

Q3: When should these measurements be taken?
A: Blood samples should be collected after an 8-12 hour overnight fast for accurate results. Avoid testing after recent illness or medication changes.

Q4: Are there limitations to HOMA-IR?
A: While useful for population studies, HOMA-IR may be less accurate in individuals with impaired glucose tolerance or diabetes. It doesn't replace more comprehensive glucose tolerance tests.

Q5: Can HOMA-IR be used for diagnosis?
A: HOMA-IR is a screening tool and research instrument. Clinical diagnosis should be based on comprehensive assessment including oral glucose tolerance tests and other clinical findings.