1. What is the HOMA-IR Equation?

The HOMA-IR (Homeostatic Model Assessment for Insulin Resistance) equation estimates insulin resistance using fasting insulin and glucose levels. It provides a simple and effective method to assess insulin sensitivity in clinical practice and research.

2. How Does the Calculator Work?

The calculator uses the HOMA-IR equation:

Where:

• \( Fasting\ Insulin \) — Insulin level in μU/mL
• \( Fasting\ Glucose \) — Glucose level in mg/dL
• 405 — Normalization constant

Explanation: The equation quantifies insulin resistance by calculating the product of fasting insulin and glucose levels, normalized by a constant factor.

3. Importance of HOMA-IR Calculation

Details: HOMA-IR is crucial for identifying insulin resistance, which is associated with metabolic syndrome, type 2 diabetes, cardiovascular disease, and other metabolic disorders.

4. Using the Calculator

Tips: Enter fasting insulin in μU/mL and fasting glucose in mg/dL. Both values must be valid (greater than 0). Morning fasting samples provide the most accurate results.

5. Frequently Asked Questions (FAQ)

Q1: What are normal HOMA-IR values?
A: Normal HOMA-IR values are typically below 2.0. Values above 2.5-3.0 may indicate insulin resistance, though thresholds may vary.

Q2: Why use 405 as the denominator?
A: The constant 405 normalizes the product to match normal insulin sensitivity values in healthy individuals.

Q3: When should insulin and glucose be measured?
A: Morning fasting samples are essential for accurate HOMA-IR calculation. Avoid testing after meals or significant physical activity.

Q4: Are there limitations to HOMA-IR?
A: HOMA-IR provides an estimate and may not capture all aspects of insulin sensitivity. It's less accurate in extreme conditions and may not reflect postprandial insulin dynamics.

Q5: Can HOMA-IR be used for diagnosis?
A: HOMA-IR is a screening tool and should be used alongside other clinical assessments for comprehensive metabolic evaluation.