1. What is HOMA-IR?

HOMA-IR (Homeostatic Model Assessment for Insulin Resistance) is a method used to quantify insulin resistance and beta-cell function. It's calculated from fasting blood glucose and insulin levels.

2. How Does the Calculator Work?

The calculator uses the HOMA-IR equation:

Where:

• Fasting Insulin — Measured in micro units per milliliter (μU/mL)
• Fasting Glucose — Measured in millimoles per liter (mmol/L)
• 22.5 — Normalization constant

Explanation: The equation estimates insulin resistance based on the product of fasting insulin and glucose levels, normalized by a constant derived from normal subjects.

3. Importance of HOMA-IR Calculation

Details: HOMA-IR is widely used in research and clinical practice to assess insulin resistance, which is associated with type 2 diabetes, metabolic syndrome, and cardiovascular disease risk.

4. Using the Calculator

Tips: Enter fasting insulin in μU/mL and fasting glucose in mmol/L. Both values must be obtained after an overnight fast for accurate results.

5. Frequently Asked Questions (FAQ)

Q1: What are normal HOMA-IR values?
A: Normal HOMA-IR values are typically below 2.0. Values above 2.5-3.0 may indicate insulin resistance.

Q2: Can HOMA-IR be used for diagnosis?
A: While useful for research and screening, HOMA-IR should not be used alone for clinical diagnosis. Other tests like oral glucose tolerance tests may be needed.

Q3: What time should blood be drawn for HOMA-IR?
A: Blood should be drawn after an 8-12 hour overnight fast for accurate measurement of fasting insulin and glucose levels.

Q4: Are there limitations to HOMA-IR?
A: HOMA-IR assumes a steady state and may not accurately reflect insulin resistance in all populations, particularly those with impaired beta-cell function.

Q5: How often should HOMA-IR be measured?
A: Frequency depends on clinical context. It may be measured annually for monitoring or more frequently during interventions for insulin resistance.