1. What is the HOMA-IR Equation?

The HOMA-IR (Homeostatic Model Assessment for Insulin Resistance) is a method used to quantify insulin resistance and beta-cell function. It's calculated from fasting insulin and glucose levels, providing an estimate of insulin sensitivity.

2. How Does the Calculator Work?

The calculator uses the HOMA-IR equation:

Where:

• Fasting Insulin — Measured in micro international units per milliliter (μU/mL)
• Fasting Glucose — Measured in millimoles per liter (mmol/L)
• 22.5 — Normalization constant

Explanation: The equation estimates insulin resistance based on the product of fasting insulin and glucose levels, normalized by a constant derived from normal subjects.

3. Importance of HOMA-IR Calculation

Details: HOMA-IR is widely used in research and clinical practice to assess insulin resistance, which is a key factor in metabolic syndrome, type 2 diabetes, and cardiovascular diseases.

4. Using the Calculator

Tips: Enter fasting insulin in μU/mL and fasting glucose in mmol/L. Both values must be greater than zero for accurate calculation.

5. Frequently Asked Questions (FAQ)

Q1: What is a normal HOMA-IR value?
A: Typically, values below 2.0 are considered normal, though this may vary by population and laboratory standards.

Q2: How is HOMA-IR interpreted?
A: Higher values indicate greater insulin resistance. Values above 2.5-3.0 often suggest significant insulin resistance.

Q3: When should insulin and glucose be measured?
A: Both should be measured after an overnight fast (8-12 hours) for accurate results.

Q4: Are there limitations to HOMA-IR?
A: Yes, it's less accurate in people with impaired beta-cell function and may not reflect dynamic changes in insulin sensitivity.

Q5: Can HOMA-IR be used for diagnosis?
A: While useful for screening and research, it should not be used alone for clinical diagnosis without additional tests and clinical evaluation.