Calcolo Homa Index

HOMA-IR Formula:

\[ HOMA-IR = \frac{\text{Fasting Insulin} \times \text{Fasting Glucose}}{22.5} \]

HOMA-IR Index:

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1. What is the HOMA-IR Index?

The HOMA-IR (Homeostatic Model Assessment for Insulin Resistance) index is a method used to quantify insulin resistance and beta-cell function. It provides an assessment of insulin resistance from fasting blood glucose and insulin levels.

2. How Does the Calculator Work?

The calculator uses the HOMA-IR formula:

\[ HOMA-IR = \frac{\text{Fasting Insulin} \times \text{Fasting Glucose}}{22.5} \]

Where:

Fasting Insulin — Measured in μU/L (microinternational units per liter)
Fasting Glucose — Measured in mmol/L (millimoles per liter)
22.5 — Normalization constant

Explanation: The equation calculates insulin resistance by assessing the relationship between fasting glucose and insulin levels. Higher values indicate greater insulin resistance.

3. Importance of HOMA-IR Calculation

Details: HOMA-IR is a valuable tool for assessing insulin resistance, which is associated with metabolic syndrome, type 2 diabetes, cardiovascular disease, and other metabolic disorders.

4. Using the Calculator

Tips: Enter fasting insulin in μU/L and fasting glucose in mmol/L. Both values must be valid (greater than 0). For accurate results, measurements should be taken after an overnight fast.

5. Frequently Asked Questions (FAQ)

Q1: What is a normal HOMA-IR value?
A: Typically, values below 2.0 are considered normal, though this may vary by population. Values above 2.5 often indicate insulin resistance.

Q2: How does HOMA-IR compare to other insulin resistance tests?
A: HOMA-IR is a simple and inexpensive screening tool, but more complex tests like hyperinsulinemic-euglycemic clamp are considered the gold standard.

Q3: When should HOMA-IR testing be performed?
A: Testing should be done after an overnight fast (8-12 hours) for accurate results. Avoid testing after high-carbohydrate meals or strenuous exercise.

Q4: Are there limitations to the HOMA-IR calculation?
A: The calculation assumes normal liver function and may be less accurate in certain conditions like liver disease or type 1 diabetes.

Q5: Can HOMA-IR be used for diagnosis?
A: While HOMA-IR is a useful screening tool, clinical diagnosis should be based on comprehensive evaluation including medical history, physical examination, and additional tests as needed.